МЕТОДЫ ОЦЕНКИ РАЗМЕРОВ ЗЕРЕН ГОРНЫХ ПОРОД: ОБЗОР И СРАВНЕНИЕ
1 Институт физики Земли им. О.Ю. Шмидта РАН
2 Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова
3 Национальный исследовательский университет “Высшая школа экономики”
2 Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова
3 Национальный исследовательский университет “Высшая школа экономики”
Журнал: Наука и технологические разработки
Том: 103
Номер: 2
Год: 2024
Страницы: 3-23
УДК: 552.12 + 539.42 + 624.131.43
DOI: 10.21455/std2024.2-1
Показать библиографическую ссылку
Казначеев П.А., Индаков
Г.С., Подымова
Н.Б., Пономарев
А.В., Матвеев
М.А., Майбук
З.-Ю.Я., Краюшкин
Д.В. МЕТОДЫ ОЦЕНКИ РАЗМЕРОВ ЗЕРЕН ГОРНЫХ ПОРОД: ОБЗОР И СРАВНЕНИЕ
// Наука и технологические разработки. 2024. Т. 103. № 2. С. 3-23. DOI: 10.21455/std2024.2-1
@article{Казначеев МЕТОДЫ2024,
author = "Казначеев , П. А. and Индаков ,
Г. С. and Подымова ,
Н. Б. and Пономарев ,
А. В. and Матвеев ,
М. А. and Майбук ,
З. -Ю. Я. and Краюшкин ,
Д. В.",
title = "МЕТОДЫ ОЦЕНКИ РАЗМЕРОВ ЗЕРЕН ГОРНЫХ ПОРОД: ОБЗОР И СРАВНЕНИЕ
",
journal = "Наука и технологические разработки",
year = 2024,
volume = "103",
number = "2",
pages = "3-23",
doi = "10.21455/std2024.2-1",
language = "Russian"
}
Скопировать ссылку в формате ГОСТ
Скопировать ссылку BibTex
Файлы:
Ключевые слова: поликристаллические материалы, горные породы, структура вещества, размер зерен, оптическая микроскопия, анализ изображений, компьютерное зрение
Аннотация: Рассматриваются методы оценки размеров зерен поликристаллических материалов, основанные на анализе оптических микроскопических изображений, и обсуждается возможность их применения к анализу структуры горных пород. Проведено сравнение результатов работы нескольких методов для данных по одному образцу метаморфизованного песчаника Северного Приладожья. При этом использованы метод ручного определения размера зерна, метод пересечения опорных линий и метод случайного бросания точек с построением из них ориентированных опорных отрезков. Полученные оценки размеров зерен были сопоставлены между собой и с данными независимого исследования методом широкополосной акустической спектроскопии. Результаты позволяют заключить, что для некоторых параметров распределения зерен по размерам все использованные методы дают схожие результаты, а для других параметров полученные оценки могут существенно различаться.
Список литературы: Веселовский Р.В., Дубиня Н.В., Пономарев А.В., Фокин И.В., Патонин А.В., Пасенко А.М., Фетисова А.М., Матвеев М.А., Афиногенова Н.А., Рудько Д.В., Чистякова А.В. Центр коллективного пользования Института физики Земли им. О.Ю. Шмидта РАН “Петрофизика, геомеханика и палеомагнетизм” // Геодинамика и тектонофизика. 2022. Т. 13, № 2. Ст. 0579. 12 с. https://doi.org/10.5800/GT-2022-13-2-0579
Гайдуков М.Г., Садовский В.Д. К вопросу о влиянии величины зерна аустенита на мартенситное превращение в стали // Докл. АН СССР. 1954. Т. 96, № 1. С.67–69.
Глезер А.М., Блинова Е.Н., Поздняков В.А. Мартенситное превращение в микрокристаллических сплавах железо–никель // Известия РАН. Сер. физическая. 2002. Т. 66, №
9. С.1263–1275.
ГОСТ 21073.0-75 Металлы цветные. Определение величины зерна. Общие требования. М.: Издательство стандартов, 2002. 10 с.
ГОСТ 21073.1-75 Металлы цветные. Определение величины зерна методом сравнения со шкалой микроструктур. М.: Издательство стандартов, 2002. 6 с.
ГОСТ 21073.2-75 Металлы цветные. Определение величины зерна методом подсчета зерен. М.: Издательство стандартов, 2002. 3 с.
ГОСТ 21073.3-75 Металлы цветные. Определение величины зерна методом подсчета пересечений зерен. М.: Издательство стандартов, 2002. 2 с.
ГОСТ 21073.4-75 Металлы цветные. Определение величины зерна планиметрическим методом. М.: Издательство стандартов, 2002. 3 с.
ГОСТ 5639-82 Стали и сплавы. Методы выявления и определения величины зерна. М.: Издательство стандартов, 2003. 20 с.
ГОСТ Р ИСО 643-2015 Сталь. Металлографическое определение наблюдаемого размера зерна. М.: Стандартинформ, 2016. 36 с.
Кащенко М.П., Кащенко Н.М., Королев А.В., Оглезнева С.А., Чащина В.Г. Оценка критического размера зерна при γ-α мартенситном превращении с атермической макрокинетикой на примере системы Fe-Ni-Cr // Физическая мезомеханика. 2017. Т. 20, № 6. С.56–61.
Нагата Т. Магнетизм горных пород. М.: ИЛ, 1956. 226 с.
Подымова Н.Б., Пономарев А.В., Морозов Ю.А., Матвеев М.А., Смирнов В.Б., Шарычев И.В. Исследование структуры метапесчаников методом широкополосной акустической спектроскопии с лазерным источником ультразвука // Геофизические процессы и биосфера. 2023. Т. 22, № 4. С.13–24. https://doi.org/10.21455/GPB2023.4-2
Ржевский В.В., Новик Г.Я. Основы физики горных пород: Учебное пособие. Изд. 5-е. М.: URSS, 2010. 359 с.
Салтыков С.А. Стереометрическая металлография: Учебное пособие. М.: Металлургия, 1976. 271 с.
ASTM E112-13. Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size. ASTM, 2021. 11 p.
ASTM E1181-02. Standard Test Methods for Characterizing Duplex Grain Sizes. ASTM, 2023. 7 p.
ASTM E1245-03. Standard Practice for Determining the Inclusion or Second-Phase Constituent Content of Metals by Automatic Image Analysis. ASTM, 2023. 5 p.
ASTM E1382-97. Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size Using Semiautomatic and Automatic Image Analysis. ASTM, 2023. 11 p.
ASTM E562-19. Standard Test Methods for Determining Volume Fraction by Systematic Manual Point Count. ASTM, 2019. 4 p.
ASTM E930-99. Standard Test Methods for Estimating the Largest Grain Observed in a Metallographic Section (ALA Grain Size). ASTM, 2015. 3 p.
Atapour H., Mortazavi A. The influence of mean grain size on unconfined compressive strength of weakly consolidated reservoir sandstones // J. Petrol. Sci. Eng. 2018. V. 171. P.63–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2018.07.029
Austin N.J. An experimental investigation of textural controls on the brittle deformation of dolomite: M.Sc. Thesis. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia, 2003. 106 p.
Barbosa R.T.C.M., Faria E.L., Klatt M., Silva T.C., Coelho J.M., Matos T.F., Santos B.C., Gonzalez J.L., Bom C.R., de Albuquerque Márcio P., de Albuquerque Marcelo P. Unsupervised segmentation for sandstone thin section image analysis // Comput. Geosci. 2024. [In press]. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10596-024-10304-y
Bruijn R.H.C., Skemer P. Grain‐size sensitive rheology of orthopyroxene. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2014. V. 41, Iss. 14. P.4894–4903. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL060607
BS 3406-4:1993. Methods for determination of particle size distribution. Part 4: Guide to microscope and image analysis methods. BSI, 1999. 40 p.
Chandross M., Argibay N. Friction of metals: A review of microstructural evolution and nanoscale phenomena in shearing contacts // Tribol. Lett. 2021. V. 69. Art. 119. 27 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-021-01477-z
Chen B., Xiang J., Latham J.-P., Bakker R.R. Grain-scale failure mechanism of porous sandstone: An experimental and numerical FDEM study of the Brazilian Tensile Strength test using CT-Scan microstructure // Int. J. Rock Mech. Mining Sci. 2020. V. 132. Art. 104348. 17 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2020.104348
Cheng Zh., Liu H. Digital grain-size analysis based on autocorrelation algorithm // Sediment. Geol. 2015. V. 327. P.21–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2015.07.008
Das R., Mondal A., Chakraborty T., Ghosh K. Deep neural networks for automatic grain-matrix segmentation in plane and cross-polarized sandstone photomicrographs // Appl. Intell. 2022. V. 52. P.2332–2345. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-021-02530-z
Eberl D.D., Drits V.A., Srodon J. Deducing growth mechanisms for minerals from the shapes of crystal size distributions // Amer. J. Sci. 1998. V. 298, Iss. 6. P.499–533. https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.298.6.499
Faul U.H., Jackson I. The seismological signature of temperature and grain size variations in the upper mantle // Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2005. V. 234, Iss. 1–2. P.119–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2005.02.008
Figueiredo R.B., Kawasaki M., Langdon T.G. Seventy years of Hall-Petch, ninety years of superplasticity and a generalized approach to the effect of grain size on flow stress // Progr. Mater. Sci. 2023. V. 137. Art. 101113. 53 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2023.101131
Fredrich J.T., Evans B., Wong T.-F. Effect of grain size on brittle and semibrittle strength: Implications for micromechanical modelling of failure in compression // J. Geophys. Res. 1990. V. 95, Iss. B7. P.10907–10920. https://doi.org/10.1029/JB095iB07p10907
Friel J.J. Measurements // Practical Guide to Image Analysis. ASM Intl., 2000. P.101–128.
Fukuda J.-I., Holyoke C.W., Kronenberg A.K. Deformation of fine‐grained quartz aggregates by mixed diffusion and dislocation creep // J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth. 2018. V. 123, Iss. 6. P.4676–4696. https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JB015133
Gopon P., Forshaw J.B., Wade J., Waters D.J., Gopon C. Seeing through metamorphic overprints in Archean granulites: Combined high-resolution thermometry and phase equilibrium modeling of the Lewisian Complex, Scotland // Amer. Mineralog. 2022. V. 107, N 8. P.1487–1500. https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2022-8214CCBY
Graham D.J., Reid I., Rice S.P. Automated sizing of coarse-grained sediments: Image-processing procedures // Math. Geol. 2005. V. 37, Iss. 1. P.1–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11004-005-8745-x
Hall E.O. The deformation and ageing of mild steel: III. Discussion of results // Proc. Phys. Soc. B. 1951. V. 64, N 9. P.747–753. https://doi.org/10.1088/0370-1301/64/9/303
Han Q., Gao Y., Zhang Y. Experimental study of size effects on the deformation strength and failure characteristics of hard rocks under true triaxial compression // Adv. Civil Eng. 2021. V. 2021, Iss. 1. Art. 6832775. 15 p. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6832775
Hansen N. Hall–Petch relation and boundary strengthening // Scripta Mater. 2004. V 51, Iss. 8. P.801–806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.06.002
He W., Hayatdavoudi A. A comprehensive analysis of fracture initiation and propagation in sandstones based on micro-level observation and digital imaging correlation // J. Petrol. Sci. Eng. 2018. V. 164. P.75–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2018.01.041
He W., Hayatdavoudi A., Shi H., Sawant K., Huang P. A preliminary fractal interpretation of effects of grain size and grain shape on rock strength // Rock Mech. Rock Eng. 2019. V. 52, Iss. 6. P.1745–1765. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-018-1645-4
Higgins M.D. Quantitative Textural Measurements in Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. Cambridge: University Press, 2006. 276 p.
Iravani A., Ouchterlony F., Kukolj I., Åström J.A. Generation of fine fragments during dynamic propagation of pressurized cracks // Phys. Rev. E. 2020. V. 101. Art. 023002. 9 p. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.101.023002
Ishida T., Sasaki S., Matsunaga I., Chen Q., Mizuta Y. Effect of grain size in granitic rocks on hydraulic fracturing mechanism // Trends in Rock Mechanics: Proc. Sessions of Geo-Denver 2000, Denver, CO, 5–8 August 2000 / Eds. J.F. Labuz, S.D. Glaser, E. Dawson. ASCE, 2000. P.128–139. https://doi.org/10.1061/40514(290)9
ISO 643:2012. Steels – Micrographic determination of the apparent grain size. Geneva: ISO, 2012. 11 p.
Jamtveit B., Petley-Ragan A.J., Incel S., Dunkel K.G., Aupart C., Austrheim H., Corfu F., Menegon L., Renard F. The effects of earthquakes and fluids on the metamorphism of the lower continental crust // J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth. 2019. V. 124, Iss. 8. P.7725–7755. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JB016461
Jiang Zh.-D., Wang Q.-B., Brye K.R., Adhikari K., Sun F.-J., Sun Zh.-X., Chen S., Owens P.R. Quantifying organic carbon stocks using a stereological profile imaging method to account for rock fragments in stony soils // Geoderma. 2021. V. 385. Art. 114837. 12 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114837
Jungmann M., Pape H., Wißkirchen P., Clauser C., Berlage T. Segmentation of thin section images for grain size analysis using region competition and edge-weighted region merging // Comp. Geosci. 2014. V. 72. P.33–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2014.07.002
Jutzeler M., Proussevitch A.A., Allen S.R. Grain-size distribution of volcaniclastic rocks 1: A new technique based on functional stereology // J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 2012. V. 239–240. P.1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.05.013
Kang F., Li Y., Tang C. Grain size heterogeneity controls strengthening to weakening of granite over high-temperature treatment // Int. J. Rock Mech. Mining Sci. 2021. V. 145. Art. 104848. 17 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2021.104848
Karato S.-I., Wu P. Rheology of the upper mantle: A synthesis // Science. 1993. V. 260, Iss. 5109. P.771–778. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.260.5109.771
Kellerhals R., Shaw J.M., Arora V.K. On grain size from thin sections // J. Geol. 1975. V. 83, N 1. P.79–96. https://doi.org/10.1086/628046
Kronenberg A.K., Tullis J. Flow strengths of quartz aggregates: Grain size and pressure effects due to hydrolytic weakening // J. Geophys. Res. 1984. V. 89, Iss. B6. P.4281–4297. https://doi.org/10.1029/JB089iB06p04281
Lehto P., Remes H., Saukkonen T., Hänninen H., Romanoff J. Influence of grain size distribution on the Hall–Petch relationship of welded structural steel // Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2014. V. 592. P.28–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2013.10.094
Liu Sh., Zhang Y., Zhang H., Zhang J., Qiu M., Li G., Ma F., Guo J. Numerical study of the fluid fracturing mechanism of granite at the mineral grain scale // Front. Earth Sci. 2023. V. 11. Art. 1289662. 11 p. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1289662
Lv J., Zheng J.-H., Yardley V.A., Shi Zh., Lin J. A review of microstructural evolution and modelling of aluminium alloys under hot forming conditions // Metals. 2020. V. 10, Iss. 11. Art. 1516. 33 p. https://doi.org/10.3390/met10111516
Millard J.W., Holyoke C.W., Wells R.K., Blasko C., Kronenberg A.K., Raterron P., Braccia C., Jackson N., McDaniel C.A., Tokle L. Pressure dependence of magnesite creep // Geosciences. 2019. V. 9, Iss. 10. Art. 420. 22 p. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9100420
Nurzynska K., Iwaszenko S. Application of texture features and machine learning methods to grains segmentation in rock material images // Image Anal. Stereol. 2020. V. 39, N 2. P.73–90. https://doi.org/10.5566/ias.2186
Outal S., Jeulin D., Schleifer J. A new method for estimating the 3D size-distribution-curve of fragmented rocks out of 2D images // Image Anal. Stereol. 2008. V. 27, N 2. P.97–105. https://doi.org/10.5566/ias.v27.p97-105
Pan Ch., Zhao G., Meng X., Dong Ch., Gao P. Numerical investigation of the influence of mineral mesostructure on quasi-static compressive behaviors of granite using a breakable grain-based model // Front. Ecol. Evol. 2023. V. 11. Art. 1288870. 14 p. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1288870
Papadakis E.P. From micrograph to grain size distribution with ultrasonic applications // J. Appl. Phys. 1964. V. 35, Iss. 5. P.1586–1594. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1713671
Peng J., Wong L.N.Y., Teh C.I. Influence of grain size heterogeneity on strength and microcracking behavior of crystalline rocks // J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth. 2017. V. 122, Iss. 2. P.1054–1073. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JB013469
Petch N.J. The cleavage strength of polycrystals // J. Iron Steel Inst. 1953. V. 174. P.25–28.
Peterson T.D. A refined technique for measuring crystal size distributions in thin section // Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 1996. V. 124. P.395–405. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004100050199
Philpotts A.R., Ague J.J. Principles of Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. 3rd ed. Cambridge: University Press, 2022. 802 p.
Platt J. A process-based theory for subgrain-size and grain-size piezometry // J. Struct. Geol. 2023. V. 177. Art. 104987. 16 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2023.104987
Ren Y., Li X., Bi J., Zhang Y., Su Q., Wang W., Li H. Multi-channel attention transformer for rock thin-section image segmentation // J. Eng. Res. 2024. 11 p. [In press]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jer.2024.04.009
Renner J., Evans B., Siddiqi G. Dislocation creep of calcite // J. Geophys. Res. 2002. V. 107, Iss. B12. P.ECV 6-1–ECV 6-16. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB001680
Ruh J.B., Tokle L., Behr W.M. Grain-size-evolution controls on lithospheric weakening during continental rifting // Nat. Geosci. 2022. V. 15. P.585–590. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-022-00964-9
Schön J.H. Physical Properties of Rocks: Fundamentals and Principles of Petrophysics. 2nd ed. Elsevier, 2015. 512 p.
Shao Sh., Wasantha P.L.P., Ranjith P.G., Chen B.K. Effect of cooling rate on the mechanical behavior of heated Strathbogie granite with different grain sizes // Int. J. Rock Mech. Mining Sci. 2014. V. 70. P.381–387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2014.04.003
Stipp M., Tullis J., Scherwath M., Behrmann J.H. A new perspective on paleopiezometry: Dynamically recrystallized grain size distributions indicate mechanism changes // Geology. 2010. V. 38, N 8. P.759–762. https://doi.org/10.1130/G31162.1
Tang Y., Wang R., Xiao B., Zhang Zh., Li Sh., Qiao J., Bai Sh., Zhang Y., Liaw P.K. A review on the dynamic-mechanical behaviors of high-entropy alloys // Progr. Mater. Sci. 2023. V. 135. Art. 101090. 46 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2023.101090
van den Berg E.V., Meesters A.G.C.A., Kenter J.A.M., Schlager W. Automated separation of touching grains in digital images of thin sections // Comp. Geosci. 2002. V. 28, Iss. 2. P.179–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0098-3004(01)00038-3
Voort G.F.V. Introduction to stereological principles // Practical Guide to Image Analysis. ASM Intl., 2000. P.15–34.
Yu J., Wellmann F., Virgo S., von Domarus M., Jiang M., Schmatz J., Leibe B. Superpixel segmentations for thin sections: Evaluation of methods to enable the generation of machine learning training data sets // Comp. Geosci. 2023. V. 170. Art. 105232. 15 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2022.105232
Zhong X., Petley-Ragan A.J., Incel S.H.M., Dąbrowski M., Andersen N.H., Jamtveit B. Lower crustal earthquake associated with highly pressurized frictional melts // Nat. Geosci. 2021. V. 14. P.519–525. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-021-00760-x
Zhu T.T., Bushby A.J., Dunstan D.J. Materials mechanical size effects: A review // Mater. Technol. 2008. V. 23, Iss. 4. P.193–209. https://doi.org/10.1179/175355508X376843
Гайдуков М.Г., Садовский В.Д. К вопросу о влиянии величины зерна аустенита на мартенситное превращение в стали // Докл. АН СССР. 1954. Т. 96, № 1. С.67–69.
Глезер А.М., Блинова Е.Н., Поздняков В.А. Мартенситное превращение в микрокристаллических сплавах железо–никель // Известия РАН. Сер. физическая. 2002. Т. 66, №
9. С.1263–1275.
ГОСТ 21073.0-75 Металлы цветные. Определение величины зерна. Общие требования. М.: Издательство стандартов, 2002. 10 с.
ГОСТ 21073.1-75 Металлы цветные. Определение величины зерна методом сравнения со шкалой микроструктур. М.: Издательство стандартов, 2002. 6 с.
ГОСТ 21073.2-75 Металлы цветные. Определение величины зерна методом подсчета зерен. М.: Издательство стандартов, 2002. 3 с.
ГОСТ 21073.3-75 Металлы цветные. Определение величины зерна методом подсчета пересечений зерен. М.: Издательство стандартов, 2002. 2 с.
ГОСТ 21073.4-75 Металлы цветные. Определение величины зерна планиметрическим методом. М.: Издательство стандартов, 2002. 3 с.
ГОСТ 5639-82 Стали и сплавы. Методы выявления и определения величины зерна. М.: Издательство стандартов, 2003. 20 с.
ГОСТ Р ИСО 643-2015 Сталь. Металлографическое определение наблюдаемого размера зерна. М.: Стандартинформ, 2016. 36 с.
Кащенко М.П., Кащенко Н.М., Королев А.В., Оглезнева С.А., Чащина В.Г. Оценка критического размера зерна при γ-α мартенситном превращении с атермической макрокинетикой на примере системы Fe-Ni-Cr // Физическая мезомеханика. 2017. Т. 20, № 6. С.56–61.
Нагата Т. Магнетизм горных пород. М.: ИЛ, 1956. 226 с.
Подымова Н.Б., Пономарев А.В., Морозов Ю.А., Матвеев М.А., Смирнов В.Б., Шарычев И.В. Исследование структуры метапесчаников методом широкополосной акустической спектроскопии с лазерным источником ультразвука // Геофизические процессы и биосфера. 2023. Т. 22, № 4. С.13–24. https://doi.org/10.21455/GPB2023.4-2
Ржевский В.В., Новик Г.Я. Основы физики горных пород: Учебное пособие. Изд. 5-е. М.: URSS, 2010. 359 с.
Салтыков С.А. Стереометрическая металлография: Учебное пособие. М.: Металлургия, 1976. 271 с.
ASTM E112-13. Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size. ASTM, 2021. 11 p.
ASTM E1181-02. Standard Test Methods for Characterizing Duplex Grain Sizes. ASTM, 2023. 7 p.
ASTM E1245-03. Standard Practice for Determining the Inclusion or Second-Phase Constituent Content of Metals by Automatic Image Analysis. ASTM, 2023. 5 p.
ASTM E1382-97. Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size Using Semiautomatic and Automatic Image Analysis. ASTM, 2023. 11 p.
ASTM E562-19. Standard Test Methods for Determining Volume Fraction by Systematic Manual Point Count. ASTM, 2019. 4 p.
ASTM E930-99. Standard Test Methods for Estimating the Largest Grain Observed in a Metallographic Section (ALA Grain Size). ASTM, 2015. 3 p.
Atapour H., Mortazavi A. The influence of mean grain size on unconfined compressive strength of weakly consolidated reservoir sandstones // J. Petrol. Sci. Eng. 2018. V. 171. P.63–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2018.07.029
Austin N.J. An experimental investigation of textural controls on the brittle deformation of dolomite: M.Sc. Thesis. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia, 2003. 106 p.
Barbosa R.T.C.M., Faria E.L., Klatt M., Silva T.C., Coelho J.M., Matos T.F., Santos B.C., Gonzalez J.L., Bom C.R., de Albuquerque Márcio P., de Albuquerque Marcelo P. Unsupervised segmentation for sandstone thin section image analysis // Comput. Geosci. 2024. [In press]. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10596-024-10304-y
Bruijn R.H.C., Skemer P. Grain‐size sensitive rheology of orthopyroxene. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2014. V. 41, Iss. 14. P.4894–4903. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL060607
BS 3406-4:1993. Methods for determination of particle size distribution. Part 4: Guide to microscope and image analysis methods. BSI, 1999. 40 p.
Chandross M., Argibay N. Friction of metals: A review of microstructural evolution and nanoscale phenomena in shearing contacts // Tribol. Lett. 2021. V. 69. Art. 119. 27 p. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-021-01477-z
Chen B., Xiang J., Latham J.-P., Bakker R.R. Grain-scale failure mechanism of porous sandstone: An experimental and numerical FDEM study of the Brazilian Tensile Strength test using CT-Scan microstructure // Int. J. Rock Mech. Mining Sci. 2020. V. 132. Art. 104348. 17 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2020.104348
Cheng Zh., Liu H. Digital grain-size analysis based on autocorrelation algorithm // Sediment. Geol. 2015. V. 327. P.21–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2015.07.008
Das R., Mondal A., Chakraborty T., Ghosh K. Deep neural networks for automatic grain-matrix segmentation in plane and cross-polarized sandstone photomicrographs // Appl. Intell. 2022. V. 52. P.2332–2345. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-021-02530-z
Eberl D.D., Drits V.A., Srodon J. Deducing growth mechanisms for minerals from the shapes of crystal size distributions // Amer. J. Sci. 1998. V. 298, Iss. 6. P.499–533. https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.298.6.499
Faul U.H., Jackson I. The seismological signature of temperature and grain size variations in the upper mantle // Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2005. V. 234, Iss. 1–2. P.119–134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2005.02.008
Figueiredo R.B., Kawasaki M., Langdon T.G. Seventy years of Hall-Petch, ninety years of superplasticity and a generalized approach to the effect of grain size on flow stress // Progr. Mater. Sci. 2023. V. 137. Art. 101113. 53 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2023.101131
Fredrich J.T., Evans B., Wong T.-F. Effect of grain size on brittle and semibrittle strength: Implications for micromechanical modelling of failure in compression // J. Geophys. Res. 1990. V. 95, Iss. B7. P.10907–10920. https://doi.org/10.1029/JB095iB07p10907
Friel J.J. Measurements // Practical Guide to Image Analysis. ASM Intl., 2000. P.101–128.
Fukuda J.-I., Holyoke C.W., Kronenberg A.K. Deformation of fine‐grained quartz aggregates by mixed diffusion and dislocation creep // J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth. 2018. V. 123, Iss. 6. P.4676–4696. https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JB015133
Gopon P., Forshaw J.B., Wade J., Waters D.J., Gopon C. Seeing through metamorphic overprints in Archean granulites: Combined high-resolution thermometry and phase equilibrium modeling of the Lewisian Complex, Scotland // Amer. Mineralog. 2022. V. 107, N 8. P.1487–1500. https://doi.org/10.2138/am-2022-8214CCBY
Graham D.J., Reid I., Rice S.P. Automated sizing of coarse-grained sediments: Image-processing procedures // Math. Geol. 2005. V. 37, Iss. 1. P.1–28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11004-005-8745-x
Hall E.O. The deformation and ageing of mild steel: III. Discussion of results // Proc. Phys. Soc. B. 1951. V. 64, N 9. P.747–753. https://doi.org/10.1088/0370-1301/64/9/303
Han Q., Gao Y., Zhang Y. Experimental study of size effects on the deformation strength and failure characteristics of hard rocks under true triaxial compression // Adv. Civil Eng. 2021. V. 2021, Iss. 1. Art. 6832775. 15 p. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6832775
Hansen N. Hall–Petch relation and boundary strengthening // Scripta Mater. 2004. V 51, Iss. 8. P.801–806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.06.002
He W., Hayatdavoudi A. A comprehensive analysis of fracture initiation and propagation in sandstones based on micro-level observation and digital imaging correlation // J. Petrol. Sci. Eng. 2018. V. 164. P.75–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2018.01.041
He W., Hayatdavoudi A., Shi H., Sawant K., Huang P. A preliminary fractal interpretation of effects of grain size and grain shape on rock strength // Rock Mech. Rock Eng. 2019. V. 52, Iss. 6. P.1745–1765. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-018-1645-4
Higgins M.D. Quantitative Textural Measurements in Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. Cambridge: University Press, 2006. 276 p.
Iravani A., Ouchterlony F., Kukolj I., Åström J.A. Generation of fine fragments during dynamic propagation of pressurized cracks // Phys. Rev. E. 2020. V. 101. Art. 023002. 9 p. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.101.023002
Ishida T., Sasaki S., Matsunaga I., Chen Q., Mizuta Y. Effect of grain size in granitic rocks on hydraulic fracturing mechanism // Trends in Rock Mechanics: Proc. Sessions of Geo-Denver 2000, Denver, CO, 5–8 August 2000 / Eds. J.F. Labuz, S.D. Glaser, E. Dawson. ASCE, 2000. P.128–139. https://doi.org/10.1061/40514(290)9
ISO 643:2012. Steels – Micrographic determination of the apparent grain size. Geneva: ISO, 2012. 11 p.
Jamtveit B., Petley-Ragan A.J., Incel S., Dunkel K.G., Aupart C., Austrheim H., Corfu F., Menegon L., Renard F. The effects of earthquakes and fluids on the metamorphism of the lower continental crust // J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth. 2019. V. 124, Iss. 8. P.7725–7755. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JB016461
Jiang Zh.-D., Wang Q.-B., Brye K.R., Adhikari K., Sun F.-J., Sun Zh.-X., Chen S., Owens P.R. Quantifying organic carbon stocks using a stereological profile imaging method to account for rock fragments in stony soils // Geoderma. 2021. V. 385. Art. 114837. 12 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2020.114837
Jungmann M., Pape H., Wißkirchen P., Clauser C., Berlage T. Segmentation of thin section images for grain size analysis using region competition and edge-weighted region merging // Comp. Geosci. 2014. V. 72. P.33–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2014.07.002
Jutzeler M., Proussevitch A.A., Allen S.R. Grain-size distribution of volcaniclastic rocks 1: A new technique based on functional stereology // J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. 2012. V. 239–240. P.1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.05.013
Kang F., Li Y., Tang C. Grain size heterogeneity controls strengthening to weakening of granite over high-temperature treatment // Int. J. Rock Mech. Mining Sci. 2021. V. 145. Art. 104848. 17 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2021.104848
Karato S.-I., Wu P. Rheology of the upper mantle: A synthesis // Science. 1993. V. 260, Iss. 5109. P.771–778. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.260.5109.771
Kellerhals R., Shaw J.M., Arora V.K. On grain size from thin sections // J. Geol. 1975. V. 83, N 1. P.79–96. https://doi.org/10.1086/628046
Kronenberg A.K., Tullis J. Flow strengths of quartz aggregates: Grain size and pressure effects due to hydrolytic weakening // J. Geophys. Res. 1984. V. 89, Iss. B6. P.4281–4297. https://doi.org/10.1029/JB089iB06p04281
Lehto P., Remes H., Saukkonen T., Hänninen H., Romanoff J. Influence of grain size distribution on the Hall–Petch relationship of welded structural steel // Mater. Sci. Eng. A. 2014. V. 592. P.28–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2013.10.094
Liu Sh., Zhang Y., Zhang H., Zhang J., Qiu M., Li G., Ma F., Guo J. Numerical study of the fluid fracturing mechanism of granite at the mineral grain scale // Front. Earth Sci. 2023. V. 11. Art. 1289662. 11 p. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2023.1289662
Lv J., Zheng J.-H., Yardley V.A., Shi Zh., Lin J. A review of microstructural evolution and modelling of aluminium alloys under hot forming conditions // Metals. 2020. V. 10, Iss. 11. Art. 1516. 33 p. https://doi.org/10.3390/met10111516
Millard J.W., Holyoke C.W., Wells R.K., Blasko C., Kronenberg A.K., Raterron P., Braccia C., Jackson N., McDaniel C.A., Tokle L. Pressure dependence of magnesite creep // Geosciences. 2019. V. 9, Iss. 10. Art. 420. 22 p. https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences9100420
Nurzynska K., Iwaszenko S. Application of texture features and machine learning methods to grains segmentation in rock material images // Image Anal. Stereol. 2020. V. 39, N 2. P.73–90. https://doi.org/10.5566/ias.2186
Outal S., Jeulin D., Schleifer J. A new method for estimating the 3D size-distribution-curve of fragmented rocks out of 2D images // Image Anal. Stereol. 2008. V. 27, N 2. P.97–105. https://doi.org/10.5566/ias.v27.p97-105
Pan Ch., Zhao G., Meng X., Dong Ch., Gao P. Numerical investigation of the influence of mineral mesostructure on quasi-static compressive behaviors of granite using a breakable grain-based model // Front. Ecol. Evol. 2023. V. 11. Art. 1288870. 14 p. https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2023.1288870
Papadakis E.P. From micrograph to grain size distribution with ultrasonic applications // J. Appl. Phys. 1964. V. 35, Iss. 5. P.1586–1594. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1713671
Peng J., Wong L.N.Y., Teh C.I. Influence of grain size heterogeneity on strength and microcracking behavior of crystalline rocks // J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth. 2017. V. 122, Iss. 2. P.1054–1073. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JB013469
Petch N.J. The cleavage strength of polycrystals // J. Iron Steel Inst. 1953. V. 174. P.25–28.
Peterson T.D. A refined technique for measuring crystal size distributions in thin section // Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 1996. V. 124. P.395–405. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004100050199
Philpotts A.R., Ague J.J. Principles of Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. 3rd ed. Cambridge: University Press, 2022. 802 p.
Platt J. A process-based theory for subgrain-size and grain-size piezometry // J. Struct. Geol. 2023. V. 177. Art. 104987. 16 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2023.104987
Ren Y., Li X., Bi J., Zhang Y., Su Q., Wang W., Li H. Multi-channel attention transformer for rock thin-section image segmentation // J. Eng. Res. 2024. 11 p. [In press]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jer.2024.04.009
Renner J., Evans B., Siddiqi G. Dislocation creep of calcite // J. Geophys. Res. 2002. V. 107, Iss. B12. P.ECV 6-1–ECV 6-16. https://doi.org/10.1029/2001JB001680
Ruh J.B., Tokle L., Behr W.M. Grain-size-evolution controls on lithospheric weakening during continental rifting // Nat. Geosci. 2022. V. 15. P.585–590. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-022-00964-9
Schön J.H. Physical Properties of Rocks: Fundamentals and Principles of Petrophysics. 2nd ed. Elsevier, 2015. 512 p.
Shao Sh., Wasantha P.L.P., Ranjith P.G., Chen B.K. Effect of cooling rate on the mechanical behavior of heated Strathbogie granite with different grain sizes // Int. J. Rock Mech. Mining Sci. 2014. V. 70. P.381–387. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmms.2014.04.003
Stipp M., Tullis J., Scherwath M., Behrmann J.H. A new perspective on paleopiezometry: Dynamically recrystallized grain size distributions indicate mechanism changes // Geology. 2010. V. 38, N 8. P.759–762. https://doi.org/10.1130/G31162.1
Tang Y., Wang R., Xiao B., Zhang Zh., Li Sh., Qiao J., Bai Sh., Zhang Y., Liaw P.K. A review on the dynamic-mechanical behaviors of high-entropy alloys // Progr. Mater. Sci. 2023. V. 135. Art. 101090. 46 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2023.101090
van den Berg E.V., Meesters A.G.C.A., Kenter J.A.M., Schlager W. Automated separation of touching grains in digital images of thin sections // Comp. Geosci. 2002. V. 28, Iss. 2. P.179–190. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0098-3004(01)00038-3
Voort G.F.V. Introduction to stereological principles // Practical Guide to Image Analysis. ASM Intl., 2000. P.15–34.
Yu J., Wellmann F., Virgo S., von Domarus M., Jiang M., Schmatz J., Leibe B. Superpixel segmentations for thin sections: Evaluation of methods to enable the generation of machine learning training data sets // Comp. Geosci. 2023. V. 170. Art. 105232. 15 p. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2022.105232
Zhong X., Petley-Ragan A.J., Incel S.H.M., Dąbrowski M., Andersen N.H., Jamtveit B. Lower crustal earthquake associated with highly pressurized frictional melts // Nat. Geosci. 2021. V. 14. P.519–525. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-021-00760-x
Zhu T.T., Bushby A.J., Dunstan D.J. Materials mechanical size effects: A review // Mater. Technol. 2008. V. 23, Iss. 4. P.193–209. https://doi.org/10.1179/175355508X376843

