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INFLUENCE OF GEOMAGNETIC STORM ON ELF FIELD OF POWER LINES
1 Polar Geophysical Institute
2 Geophysical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences
3 Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth of the Russian Academy of Sciences
4 Togliatti State University
5 Northern Energetics Research Centre
Journal: Science and technological developments
Tome: 103
Number: 1
Year: 2024
Pages: 36-51
UDK: 550.831.015+550.831.23
DOI: 10.21455/std2024.1-3
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Belakhovsky
V.A V.B. INFLUENCE OF GEOMAGNETIC STORM ON ELF FIELD OF POWER LINES
// . 2024. Т. 103. № 1. С. 36-51. DOI: 10.21455/std2024.1-3
@article{Belakhovsky
V.AINFLUENCE2024,
author = "Belakhovsky
V.A, V. B.",
title = "INFLUENCE OF GEOMAGNETIC STORM ON ELF FIELD OF POWER LINES
",
journal = "Science and technological developments",
year = 2024,
volume = "103",
number = "1",
pages = "36-51",
doi = "10.21455/std2024.1-3",
language = "English"
}
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Keywords: magnetic storms, geo-induced currents, power lines, ELF radiation
Аnnotation: It has been suggested that extremely low frequency (ELF) emissions can serve as an indirect remote means of detecting overloads in the operation of energy networks caused by geomagnetically induced currents (GICs). An analysis of the data from the registration system for GIC in power line transformers, a magnetometer and an ELF receiver on the Kola Peninsula during a magnetic storm on September 7–8, 2017 showed that the intensity of radiation at the industrial frequency of 50 Hz and its third harmonic of 150 Hz increases with increasing GIC. Apparently, under the influence of GIC, the transmitted currents in power lines (PTLs) turn out to be unbal-anced, so that the power line becomes a large-scale antenna and radiates both at the fundamental frequency of alternating current (50 Hz) and its harmonics. The discovered effect of increasing the imbalance of currents in power lines has not previously been noted as a possible factor in the impact of space weather on energy systems.
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Clilverd, M.A., Rodger, C.J., Brundell, J.B., Dalzell, M., Martin, I., Mac Manus, D.H., Thomson, N.R., Petersen, T., Obana, Y., Long-lasting geomagnetically induced currents and har-monic distortion observed in New Zealand during the 7–8 September 2017 disturbed period, Space Weather, 2018, vol. 16, iss. 6, pp. 704–717. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018SW001822
De Santis, A., De Franceschi, G., Spogli, L., Perrone, L., Alfonsi, L., Qamili, E., Cianchini, G., Di Giovambattista, R., Salvi, S., Filippi, E., Pavón-Carrasco, F.J., Monna, S., Piscini, A., Bat-tiston, R., Vitale, V., Picozza, P.G., Conti, L., Parrot, M., Pinçon, J.-L., Balasis, G., Tavani, M., Argan, A., Piano, G., Rainone, M.L., Liu, W., Tao, D., Geospace perturbations induced by the Earth: The state of the art and future trends, Phys. Chem. Earth, 2015, vol. 85–86, pp. 17–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2015.05.004
Despirak, I.V., Kleimenova, N.G., Malysheva, L.M., Gromova, L.I., Gromov, S.V., Supersub-storms during storms on September 7–8, 2017, Geomagn. Aeron., 2020, vol. 60, iss. 3, pp. 292–300. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016793220030044
Eastwood, J.P., Biffis, E., Hapgood, M.A., Green, L., Bisi, M.M., Bentley, R.D., Wicks, R., McKinnell, L.-A., Gibbs, M., Burnett, C., The economic impact of space weather: Where do we stand?, Risk Analysis, 2017, vol. 37, iss. 2, pp. 206–218. https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.12765
Engebretson, M.J., Simms, L.E., Pilipenko, V.A., Bouayed, L., Moldwin, M.B., Weygand, J.M., Hartinger, M.D., Xu, Zh., Clauer, C.R., Coyle, S., Willer, A.N., Freeman, M.P., Gerrard, A.J., Geomagnetic disturbances that cause GICs: Investigating their interhemispheric conju-gacy and control by IMF orientation, J. Geophys. Res. Space Phys., 2022, vol. 127, iss. 10, art. e2022JA030580, 23 p. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA030580
Fedorov, E.N., Mazur, N.G., Pilipenko, V.A., Vakhnina, V.V., Modeling ELF electromagnetic field in the upper ionosphere from power transmission lines, Radio Sci., 2020, vol. 55, iss. 7, art. e2019RS006943, 12 p. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019RS006943
Fedorov, E.N., Mazur, N.G., Pilipenko, V.A., Electromagnetic response of the mid-latitude iono-sphere to power transmission lines, J. Geophys. Res. Space Phys., 2021, vol. 126, iss. 10, art. e2021JA029659, 19 p. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JA029659
García, R.M., Novas, N., Alcayde, A., El Khaled, D., Fernández-Ros, M., Gázquez, J., Progress in the knowledge, application and influence of extremely low frequency signals, Appl. Sci., 2020, vol. 10, iss. 10, art. 3494, 31 p. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10103494
Gaunt, C.T., Why space weather is relevant to electrical power systems, Space Weather, 2016, vol. 14, iss. 1, pp. 2–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015SW001306
Hübert, J., Beggan, C.D., Richardson, G.S., Martyn, T., Thomson, A.W.P., Differential magne-tometer measurements of geomagnetically induced currents in a complex high voltage net-work, Space Weather, 2020, vol. 18, iss. 4, art. e2019SW002421, 15 p. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019SW002421
Kobelev, A.V., Zybin A.A., Current issues of higher harmonics in the power urban systems, Vestnik TGTU (Transactions of the TSTU), 2011, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 187–191. [in Russian].
Kostrov, A.V., Gushchin, M.E., Strikovskii, A.V., Generation and radiation of high power line harmonics, Geomagn. Aeron., 2017, vol. 57, iss. 4, pp. 482–490. https://doi.org/10.1134/
S0016793217030094
Marti, L., Yiu, C., Real-time management of geomagnetic disturbances: Hydro One’s eXtreme space weather control room tools, IEEE Electrification Magazine, 2015, vol. 3, iss. 4, pp. 46–51. https://doi.org/10.1109/MELE.2015.2480637
Němec, F., Santolík, O., Parrot, M., Berthelier, J.J., Power line harmonic radiation: A systematic study using DEMETER spacecraft, Adv. Space Res., 2007, vol. 40, iss. 3, pp. 398–403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2007.01.074
Němec, F., Santolík, O., Parrot, M., Bortnik, J., Power line harmonic radiation observed by satel-lite: Properties and propagation through the ionosphere, J. Geophys. Res. Space Phys., 2008, vol. 113, iss. A8, art. A08317, 9 p. https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JA013184
Němec, F., Parrot, M., Santolík, O., Power line harmonic radiation observed by the DEMETER spacecraft at 50/60 Hz and low harmonics, J. Geophys. Res. Space Phys., 2015, vol. 120, iss. 10, pp. 8954–8967. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JA021682
Pilipenko, V.A., Space weather impact of on ground-based technological systems, Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 2021, vol. 7, iss. 3, pp. 68–104. https://doi.org/10.12737/stp-73202106
Pilipenko, V.A., Belakhovsky, V.B., Sakharov, Ya.A., Selivanov, V.N., Impact of the magnetic storm on September 7–8, 2017 on electro power system, Trudy Kol’skogo nauchnogo tsen-tra RAN (Transactions of the Kola Science Centre RAS), 2018, vol. 9, no. 5-4, pp. 29–35. [in Russian]. https://doi.org/10.25702/Ksc.2307-5252.2018.9.5.29-35
Pilipenko, V.A., Fedorov, E.N., Mazur, N.G., Klimov, S.I., Electromagnetic pollution of near-Earth space by power line emission, Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 2021, vol. 7, iss. 3, pp. 105–113. https://doi.org/10.12737/stp-73202107
Pilipenko, V.A., Chernikov, A.A., Soloviev, A.A., Yagova, N.V., Sakharov, Ya.A., Kudin, D.V., Kostarev, D.V., Kozyreva, O.V., Vorobiev, A.V., Belov, A.V., Influence of space weather on the reliability of the transport system functioning at high latitudes, Rus. J. Earth Sci., 2023, vol. 23, iss. 2, art. ES2008, 34 p. [in Russian]. https://doi.org/10.2205/2023ES000824
Portillo, F., Alcayde, A., García, R.M., Novas, N., Gázquez, J.A., Férnadez-Ros, M., Grid fre-quency measurement through a PLHR analysis obtained from an ELF magnetometer, Sen-sors, 2022, vol. 22, iss. 8, art. 2954, 16 p. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22082954
Qiu, Q., Fleeman, J.A., Ball, D.R., Geomagnetic disturbance: A comprehensive approach by American Electric Power to address the impacts, IEEE Electrification Magazine, 2015, vol. 3, iss. 4, pp. 22–33. https://doi.org/10.1109/MELE.2015.2480615
Selivanov, V.N., Sakharov, Ya.A., Effects of geomagnetically induced currents on the harmon-ics in power transformers, Bull. Rus. Acad. Sci. Physics, 2021, vol. 85, no. 3, pp. 303–308. https://doi.org/10.3103/S1062873821030229
Selivanov, V.N., Danilin, A.N., Kolobov, V.V., Sakharov, Ya.A., Barannik, M.B., Results of long-term recordings of currents in the neutrals of power transformers, Trudy Kol’skogo nauchnogo tsentra RAN (Transactions of the Kola Science Centre RAS), 2010, no. 1 (1), pp. 84–91. [in Russian].
Selivanov, V.N., Barannik, M.B., Danilin, A.N., Kolobov, V.V., Sakharov, Ya.A., A study of autotransformer neutral harmonic currents under geomagnetic disturbance conditions, Trudy Kol’skogo nauchnogo tsentra RAN (Transactions of the Kola Science Centre RAS), 2012, no. 1 (8), pp. 60–68. [in Russian].
Selivanov, V.N., Barannik, M.B., Bilin, V.A., Efimov, B.V., Kolobov, V.V., Sakharov, Ya.A., Analysis of long-term monitoring of autotransformer neutral currents, Vestnik of MSTU, 2018, vol. 21, no. 4, pp. 607–615. https://doi.org/10.21443/1560-9278-2018-21-4-607-615. [in Russian].
Selivanov, V.N., Aksenovich, T.V., Bilin, V.A., Kolobov, V.V., Sakharov, Ya.A., Database of geomagnetically induced currents in the main transmission line “Northern Transit”, Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 2023, vol. 9, iss. 3, pp. 93–101. https://doi.org/10.12737/stp-93202311
Serovetnikov, A.S., Sivokon, V.P., Variations in the current spectrum of a transformer exposed to geomagnetic-induced currents, ELEKTRO. Elektrotekhnika, elektroenergetika, el-ektrotekhnicheskaya promyshlennost’ (ELECTRO. Electrical engineering, electrical power engineering, electrical industry), 2015, no. 1, pp. 15–18. [in Russian].
Sivokon, V.P., Serovetnikov, A.S., Pisarev, A.V., Higher harmonics as an indicator of geomag-netic-induced currents, ELEKTRO. Elektrotekhnika, elektroenergetika, elektrotekhnich-eskaya promyshlennost’ (ELECTRO. Electrical engineering, electrical power engineering, electrical industry), 2011, no. 3, pp. 30–34. [in Russian].
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