Geophysical processes and biosphere: article

Аnnotation: An analysis of the results of multiple repeated geodetic observations of deformation processes in fault zones is presented. Numerous examples have shown that the dominant type of local vertical displacements of the earth’s surface are anomalous symmetrical subsidence in fault zones, which are identified with the tensile type of faults. A mechanism for the parametric induction of near-fault deformations by small endogenous, exogenous and technogenic influences is proposed. Examples of these impacts are shown. Antiphase behavior in the time course of deformation and seismic processes was revealed. An energy model of the relationship between deformation and seismic phenomena is considered. A quantitative geomechanical model for the formation of anomalous deformations in fault zones has been developed based on ideas about volumetric deformations localized inside faults that form under external (regional) quasistatic loads. Examples of spatiotemporal migration of deformation activity of fault zones are presented. A phenomenological model of the formation of autowave deformation processes is formulated, based on the mechanism of parametric, nonlinear inter-action of induced faults as a system of kinematically excitable elements.