Geophysical processes and biosphere: article

Аnnotation: The entire planet substance has been undergoing constant real-time transformations. The most active evolutionary processes on the Earth substance are related to its deepest layers. The article addresses certain peculiarities in the structure and functioning of the global endo-drainage system (GEDS) as the main multi-layered mega-structure that is responsible for the release of energy, as well as the converted products of the original substance from the deepest layers to the external parts of the planet. A «shallow-depth» GEDS element that exists in the sub-crust sections of the continents is characterized by a specific sub-horizontal migration of the converted substance. Using an analogue simulation, we also show how the migrating material is splited into gas and liquid fractions upon having reached certain critical energy levels ( P-T ). At these depths, the astheno-layer, i.e. a structure that separates the upper mantle and the Earth’s crust in some sections of the planet, is being formed. We discuss the role of the astheno-layer in the origination of strong non-impact deformation impulses that are discovered in the areas of an earthquake preparation as a result of gas-isostatic processes . We also review some peculiarities of sub-global and global migration of the secondary replica-impulses that move eastward from epicentral zones. The article contains results of the computer simulation of the development of the hydrogeodeformation (HGD) field of Caucasus when the Spitak earthquake (that is a typical example of how the core formations respond to the occurrence of the fluid geodynamic processes in the astheno-layer) was formed and struck.