Geophysical processes and biosphere: article

Аnnotation: In order to develop the emerging new scientific direction - astromineralogy, the article presents the results of studying the features of mineralogenesis and geochemistry of native (SE) and rare earth (TR) elements in host rock outer shells of the biosphere and space objects. A set of methods was used, namely modern methods of astromineralogy, as well as modeling and applied system analysis. Theoretical models and hypotheses of the mechanisms of substructure-phase transformations of TR and SE and of native elements under the influence of specific physico-chemical conditions on the Moon and in space objects in comparison with the terrestrial objects are proposed. The important theoretical significance and practical role of inter-geosphere criteria and systemology is shown. The material differences between terrestrial and space objects are substantiated, they constitute seven groups of indicator criteria, the complex of which can be used for objects of unknown origin: 1) geological and structural features. Only in the geological environment there are specific rocks of the catastrophite class, always lying with angular disagreement on the rocks of the base, and bearing signs of cooling and a reducing environment similar to the cosmic one; 2) petrochemical composition; 3) impurity elements; 4) the number, composition, morphology and structure of the SE; 5) isotopic composition of carbon 14C; 6) composition of chemical elements of group TR and radionuclides; 7) different proton irradiation power in the composition of the solar wind under conditions of high vacuum in space (exotic micro-mixtures of native W and low-melting Sb and the like in the regolith) and the Earth's atmosphere. New knowledge is applicable to the development of planetology, the theory of inter-geosphere processes, the expansion of the resource base on the Moon and the provision of space safety of the biosphere. The connection of catastrophic processes in geoactive zones of the Earth and collision zones with the dispersion of minerals and rocks to nanosize suspensions and the formation of electrets in the transport of anomalous amounts of dust, oxides C, N and S are discussed. These results are used as the basis for the method for predicting earthquakes (patent No. 2516617 ). A new class of multifunctional glass-crystalline materials-sikams [certificate No. 92355], which is also realized from rocks comparable to petrogeochemical features with lunar basalts, was discovered.